Broccoli2Shell: Brotli decoder RCE in Node.js, Python and more
A memory-corruption vulnerability in Google's Brotli decoder (CVE-2026-111497) affects numerous widely-used programs including Node.js, Bun, Microsoft .NET, Python packages, Envoy proxies, FFmpeg, ClickHouse, and Apache Arrow, allowing attackers to crash applications or potentially execute arbitrary code through specially crafted compressed data. The flaw was disclosed on October 21 after fixes were released for Node.js and Google's Brotli library, with subsequent patches rolling out across affected products; however, no real-world attacks have been reported. Users should update to patched versions immediately and restart services, as the vulnerability only affects systems that decode untrusted Brotli-compressed data. For systems unable to update immediately, temporary mitigations include rejecting requests with Content-Encoding: br headers and disabling automatic Brotli decompression in HTTP clients.
Why it matters A single memory-corruption bug in Google's Brotli decoder cascades into remote-code-execution risk across Node.js, .NET, Python, Bun and Envoy, making it one of the broadest supply-chain vulnerabilities in years.
Why it made the cut: 397 points on Hacker News · Covered by 2 outlets